Reduction of nitro groups to amines
6 real reactions from the literature, on nitro compounds. Each scheme shows starting materials, conditions and products, with the yield and reference where the source reports them.
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Nitro reduction: ethyl 4-nitrobenzoate (a nitro compound) with H2 (3 atm), PtO2; CH3CH2OH gives benzocaine (the aniline).
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Nitro reduction: 2-nitroaniline (a nitro compound) with Zn, CH3CH2OH; aq. NaOH, Δ gives o-phenylenediamine (the aniline).
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Nitro reduction: 3-nitrobenzaldehyde dimethyl acetal (a nitro compound) with H2 (1000 psi); Ra(Ni); CH3OH gives 3-(dimethoxymethyl)aniline.
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Nitro reduction: 2-nitrobenzaldehyde (a nitro compound) with FeSO4, HCl; NH4OH, H2O; 90 °C gives 2-aminobenzaldehyde (the aniline).
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Nitro reduction: 1-methyl-2-nitro-4-propan-2-ylbenzene (a nitro compound) with H2 (1000 psi); Ra(Ni); CH3OH; 100 - 120 °C gives 2-amino-p-cymene (the aniline).
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Nitro reduction: 2-nitrobiphenyl (a nitro compound) with H2 (25-50 psi), 5% Pd/C; CH3CH2OH gives 2-aminobiphenyl (the aniline).